{"id":2165,"date":"2015-07-07T19:11:32","date_gmt":"2015-07-07T19:11:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sophiaeducationfunds.org\/?p=2165"},"modified":"2015-07-07T19:11:32","modified_gmt":"2015-07-07T19:11:32","slug":"la-envidia-y-el-sindrome-de-solomon-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sophiaeducationfunds.org\/es\/la-envidia-y-el-sindrome-de-solomon-2\/","title":{"rendered":"La envidia y el s\u00edndrome de Solomon"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">En 1951, el reconocido <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brynmawr.edu\/aschcenter\/about\/solomon.htm\">psic\u00f3logo estadounidense Solomon Asch<\/a> fue a un instituto para realizar una prueba de visi\u00f3n. Al menos eso es lo que les dijo a los 123 j\u00f3venes voluntarios que participaron \u2013sin saberlo\u2013 en un experimento sobre la conducta humana en un entorno social. El experimento era muy simple. En una clase de un colegio se junt\u00f3 a un grupo de siete alumnos, los cuales estaban compinchados con Asch. Mientras, un octavo estudiante entraba en la sala creyendo que el resto de chavales participaban en la misma prueba de visi\u00f3n que \u00e9l.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Haci\u00e9ndose pasar por oculista, Asch les mostraba tres l\u00edneas verticales de diferentes longitudes, dibujadas junto a una cuarta l\u00ednea. De izquierda a derecha, la primera y la cuarta med\u00edan exactamente lo mismo. Entonces Asch les ped\u00eda que dijesen en voz alta cu\u00e1l de entre las tres l\u00edneas verticales era igual a la otra dibujada justo al lado. Y lo organizaba de tal manera que el alumno que hac\u00eda de cobaya del experimento siempre respondiera en \u00faltimo lugar, habiendo escuchado la opini\u00f3n del resto de compa\u00f1eros.<\/p>\n<div id=\"sumario_1|html\" class=\"derecha\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<blockquote><p>La conformidad es el proceso por medio del cual los miembros de un grupo social cambian sus pensamientos, decisiones y comportamientos para encajar con la opini\u00f3n de la mayor\u00eda\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"texto_grande\">(Solomon Asch)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La respuesta era tan obvia y sencilla que apenas hab\u00eda lugar para el error. Sin embargo, los siete estudiantes compinchados con Asch respond\u00edan uno a uno la misma respuesta incorrecta. Para disimular un poco, se pon\u00edan de acuerdo para que uno o dos dieran otra contestaci\u00f3n, tambi\u00e9n err\u00f3nea. Este ejercicio se repiti\u00f3 18 veces por cada uno de los 123 voluntarios que participaron en el experimento. A todos ellos se les hizo comparar las mismas cuatro l\u00edneas verticales, puestas en distinto orden.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cabe se\u00f1alar que solo un 25% de los participantes mantuvo su criterio todas las veces que les pre\u00ad\u00adguntaron; el resto se dej\u00f3 influir y arrastrar al menos en una ocasi\u00f3n por la visi\u00f3n de los dem\u00e1s. Tanto es as\u00ed, que los alumnos cobayas respondieron incorrectamente m\u00e1s de un tercio de las veces para no ir en contra de la mayor\u00eda. Una vez finalizado el experimento, los 123 alumnos voluntarios reconocieron que \u201cdistingu\u00edan perfectamente qu\u00e9 l\u00ednea era la correcta, pero que no lo hab\u00edan dicho en voz alta por miedo a equivocarse, al rid\u00edculo o a ser el elemento discordante del grupo\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A d\u00eda de hoy, este estudio sigue fascinando a las nuevas generaciones de investigadores de la conducta humana. La conclusi\u00f3n es un\u00e1nime: estamos mucho m\u00e1s condicionados de lo que creemos. Para muchos, la presi\u00f3n de la sociedad sigue siendo un obst\u00e1culo insalvable. <a href=\"http:\/\/elpais.com\/diario\/1999\/01\/29\/opinion\/917564401_850215.html\">El propio Asch<\/a> se sorprendi\u00f3 al ver lo mucho que se equivocaba al afirmar que los seres humanos somos libres para decidir nuestro propio camino en la vida.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Leer m\u00e1s: <a href=\"http:\/\/elpais.com\/elpais\/2013\/05\/17\/eps\/1368793042_628150.html?id_externo_rsoc=FB_CM\" target=\"_blank\">elPa\u00eds.com<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En 1951, el reconocido psic\u00f3logo estadounidense Solomon Asch fue a un instituto para realizar una prueba de visi\u00f3n. Al menos eso es lo que les dijo a los 123 j\u00f3venes voluntarios que participaron \u2013sin saberlo\u2013 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1967,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[78],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.4.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>La envidia y el s\u00edndrome de Solomon &ndash; Sophia Education Funds<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sophiaeducationfunds.org\/es\/la-envidia-y-el-sindrome-de-solomon-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La envidia y el s\u00edndrome de Solomon &ndash; Sophia Education Funds\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En 1951, el reconocido psic\u00f3logo estadounidense Solomon Asch fue a un instituto para realizar una prueba de visi\u00f3n. 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